Further considerations:
- Development of questionnaire requires consultation of WASH monitoring experts (e.g. contextual definition of essential hygiene/WASH NFI)
- While WASH specific expertise is not required for data collectors / enumerators, technical terminology should be clarified and understood
- Indicators will be mostly measured through phone interviews or equivalent PDM surveys using Kobo collect or other digital data collection tools.
- Attention must be paid to collect information from all groups (e.g., interviews should not only be conducted with male household members)
- If individual members of a household are excluded from access, they must be reported on a disaggregated basis
Ensuring access to WASH services alone (output level) is no guarantee that a program will contribute to a reduction in WASH-related morbidity and mortality (impact level). Only if the targeted population has access to and uses WASH services based on adequate knowledge, attitude and practices, that meet agreed quality standards (outcome level), will the intervention likely contribute to WASH impacts.
The technical guidance of the GWC introduces a MEAL framework for WASH sector-specific market-based programming, with WASH outcome level indicators for different sub-sectors. The use of those indicators requires WASH-specific monitoring skills and specific training of enumerators; and a mixed-methods approach including surveys, physical checks of infrastructure, and focus group discussions.
